Chitosan Oligosaccharide

Mechanism of Action to Enhance Glucose Metabolism

1. Inhibit carbohydrate digestive enzymes: It suppresses intestinal α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity, slowing starch and disaccharide breakdown, delaying glucose absorption and blunting postprandial blood glucose spikes.
2. Improve insulin sensitivity: It modulates PPARγ pathway, enhances insulin responsiveness of peripheral tissues, facilitates cellular glucose uptake and utilization, and relieves insulin resistance.
3. Regulate gut microbiota & metabolic endotoxemia: It remodels gut microbial composition, balances Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, reduces gut-derived low-grade inflammation which contributes to impaired glucose metabolism.
4. Modulate glucose transporter expression: Optimizes glucose transport across cell membrane and reduces excessive hepatic gluconeogenesis to stabilize fasting glucose levels.

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Application Research Data

• In vitro test: Chitosan oligosaccharide inhibits α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity in a dose-dependent manner; low DP fractions show stronger enzyme inhibition activity.
• Animal model studies: In db/db diabetic mice, continuous oral supplementation for 42 days reduced fasting blood glucose and HbA1c, and inhibited intestinal sucrase and glucoamylase activityPMC. In sucrose-loaded SD rat model, it significantly lowered postprandial glucose peak and reduced glucose AUC compared with control groupPubMed.
• Human clinical trial: Randomized crossover clinical trial on subjects with impaired glucose tolerance showed chitosan oligosaccharide significantly reduced blood glucose at 60 min and decreased postprandial glucose AUC versus placebo (p<0.05)PMC.
• Formulation performance: Incorporated into dietary supplements and functional foods, it helps maintain balanced glycemic response and supports long-term glucose metabolic health for people with mild glycemic fluctuation.

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Chitosan Oligosaccharide